Question 11. What is the BEST thing to do when you hear someone say, “The user doesn’t know what she wants?”
A. Learn about the business on your own and make recommendations to the user.
B. Ask your project manager to have a different stakeholder assigned.
C. Maintain an open mind and discuss the business objectives and possible solutions.
D. Ask the user to let you know when she has decided on her requirements.
The best answer is C. Maintain an open mind and discuss the business objectives and possible solutions.
Explanation:
• Option A: While learning about the business on your own can be helpful, making recommendations without collaboration might lead to misalignment with the user’s true needs. A one-sided approach risks missing key insights from the user.
• Option B: Asking for a different stakeholder is not productive. The issue isn’t the person but rather the lack of clarity, which can be resolved through communication.
• Option C: Keeping an open mind and engaging in a discussion about business objectives helps foster collaboration. This approach allows both sides to clarify expectations, explore potential solutions, and refine the user’s requirements together.
• Option D: Simply waiting for the user to decide would delay the project and put pressure on the user to figure out complex requirements without support, which isn’t productive or efficient.
Collaboration and communication are key in this scenario, making C the best option.
Question 12. Which of the following is NOT an input for Conducting Elicitation?
A. Business Needs
B. Solution Scope
C. Stated Requirements
D. Requirements Management Plan
The correct answer is D. Requirements Management Plan.
Explanation:
When conducting elicitation, the goal is to gather information, requirements, or insights from stakeholders about the business needs, problems, and solutions. The inputs used for conducting elicitation typically include:
1. A. Business Needs: Business needs help in understanding the purpose of the project and the high-level goals that need to be addressed. These are fundamental inputs to the elicitation process.
2. B. Solution Scope: This defines the boundaries of the proposed solution and helps guide the elicitation process by focusing on the areas relevant to the project.
3. C. Stated Requirements: These are the requirements that have already been captured or voiced by stakeholders. They serve as inputs to help further clarify, refine, or expand upon during the elicitation activities.
However, the Requirements Management Plan (D) is typically not an input for conducting elicitation. It is a document that outlines how the requirements will be documented, tracked, and maintained over the course of the project. While it’s essential for managing requirements, it does not provide the raw input needed during the actual elicitation activities. Therefore, it is not directly used when conducting elicitation itself.
Question 13. Focus group technique recommends a group size of?
A. 10 or more participants
B. 5 to 10 participants
C. 6 to 8 participants
D. 6 to 12 participants
The ideal group size for a focus group is typically D. 6 to 12 participants.
Explanation:
Focus groups are a qualitative research method used to gather in-depth information from participants through guided discussions. The recommended size of 6 to 12 participants strikes a balance between having enough variety of opinions and perspectives while still being small enough for everyone to actively participate in the conversation. A smaller group (fewer than 6) may not provide sufficient diversity of views, while a larger group (more than 12) can make it difficult to manage the discussion and ensure everyone has a chance to contribute.
This size also helps facilitate a comfortable, conversational atmosphere that encourages interaction and idea-sharing.
Question 14. Elicitation focuses on all the requirements below except?
A. Transition Requirements
B. Stakeholder Requirements
C. Solution Requirements
D. Stated Requirements
The correct answer is A. Transition Requirements.
Explanation:
Elicitation in business analysis focuses on gathering and discovering requirements from stakeholders and other sources to understand what is needed for a project or solution. Here’s how each option relates to elicitation:
1. A. Transition Requirements: These define the conditions needed to transition from the current state to the future state but are not typically gathered through the elicitation process. They focus on how to move from the old system/process to the new one, but they are not the central focus during the initial requirement gathering. They are more relevant in the implementation phase.
2. B. Stakeholder Requirements: These requirements describe the needs and concerns of stakeholders, and elicitation directly involves gathering these requirements. Elicitation activities often involve interviews, workshops, or other methods to capture what stakeholders need.
3. C. Solution Requirements: These detail the features and functions of the solution itself. Elicitation is important for gathering these because they specify what the solution must do to meet stakeholder needs.
4. D. Stated Requirements: These are the explicit needs and desires expressed by stakeholders. Elicitation processes aim to capture and refine these stated requirements through discussions, interviews, and other techniques.
Therefore, Transition Requirements are not the main focus of elicitation, making option A the correct answer.
Question 15. To confirm elicitation, you ask Brian to get in touch with the following stakeholders except
A. Tester
B. End user
C. DSME
D. None of the above.
The correct answer is D. None of the above.
Explanation:
Elicitation is the process of gathering information or requirements from stakeholders. It typically involves communicating with various key stakeholders who can provide insights on the system or project needs.
• A. Tester: Testers are involved in validating the system or product to ensure it meets the requirements, and they can provide valuable feedback during elicitation on potential problems or areas to focus on.
• B. End user: The end user is critical to the elicitation process because they are the ones who will use the final product. Their input helps to ensure the system or product will meet their needs.
• C. DSME: Domain Subject Matter Experts (DSME) are highly knowledgeable about specific aspects of the system or project and can provide essential insights during elicitation.
Thus, none of these stakeholders should be excluded from the elicitation process, making D the correct answer.
Question 16. You have had several interviews this week for your project. Several problems have come up that your project manager suggested that you track them. Why?
A. Used for historical purposes and project planning by the project manager.
B. To ensure that when elicitation produces issues they are tracked to resolution.
C. Used to ensure the help desk and service management teams are kept in the loop when the resulting production issues come up due to the problems that have been raised.
D. To ensure the results of your requirements workshops and interviews are documented.
The correct answer is B. To ensure that when elicitation produces issues they are tracked to resolution.
Explanation:
In the context of requirements elicitation and project management, it is critical to track any issues that arise during interviews and other elicitation activities. This ensures that these problems are addressed and resolved, leading to better project outcomes.
• A. Used for historical purposes and project planning by the project manager: While documenting issues can serve historical and planning purposes, the primary reason to track them is to ensure they are resolved, not just for future reference.
• B. To ensure that when elicitation produces issues they are tracked to resolution: This is the main reason to track problems during elicitation. Elicitation activities, like interviews, may uncover issues or gaps in the understanding of requirements. These issues need to be tracked to ensure they are addressed, allowing the project to move forward without unresolved problems affecting the final product.
• C. Used to ensure the help desk and service management teams are kept in the loop when the resulting production issues come up due to the problems that have been raised: While service management teams may be involved later in the project lifecycle, tracking issues during elicitation focuses on resolving problems related to requirements and design, not directly on production or support issues.
• D. To ensure the results of your requirements workshops and interviews are documented: Documenting the outcomes of workshops and interviews is important, but the specific question is about tracking problems, not just documenting general results.
Thus, B is the best answer because it directly addresses the need to track and resolve issues that arise during the elicitation process.
Question 17. The requirements elicitation technique that uncovers and visualizes the interface requirements before an application is designed or developed is called:
A. Prototyping
B. Interface analysis
C. Observation
D. Reverse engineering
The correct answer is A. Prototyping.
Explanation:
Prototyping is a requirements elicitation technique used to visually represent and simulate the user interface (UI) of an application before it is fully designed or developed. This method allows stakeholders to see how the application might look and function, enabling early feedback and clarification of requirements. It is especially helpful for visualizing the interface and user experience, allowing adjustments to be made before significant development effort is invested.
Let’s look at the other options:
• A. Prototyping: This is the correct answer. Prototyping creates a preliminary version or mock-up of the user interface (UI) or system, which stakeholders can interact with to provide feedback. It helps in uncovering and visualizing interface requirements by giving stakeholders something tangible to review and discuss early in the design process.
• B. Interface analysis: This is a technique used to identify the interactions between systems, but it doesn’t necessarily involve creating visual representations of the interface. It focuses on defining the data, inputs, and outputs exchanged between systems or between users and systems.
• C. Observation: This technique involves watching users in their environment to understand how they interact with a system or complete tasks. While useful for understanding user behavior and needs, it doesn’t directly visualize or uncover interface requirements.
• D. Reverse engineering: This is the process of analyzing an existing system to understand its design and functionality. It is used when you need to understand or replicate an existing system, but it does not directly relate to visualizing interface requirements for a new system.
Thus, A. Prototyping is the best choice because it specifically involves creating a visual or interactive model of the system interface, which is critical for gathering feedback on interface requirements before full-scale development begins.
Question 18. What technique provides an effective method for eliciting requirements information from many people in a short period of time?
A. Workshop
B. Interview
C. Survey
D. Review
The correct answer is C. Survey.
Explanation:
• Survey: This is an effective technique for gathering requirements information from a large group of people in a short period of time. Surveys can be distributed to many participants simultaneously, and responses can be collected and analyzed quickly, making it efficient for gathering data from a broad audience.
• Workshop: While workshops are useful for gathering requirements through group collaboration, they typically involve a smaller number of participants and take more time to organize and conduct.
• Interview: Interviews are one-on-one or small group sessions, which can be time-consuming and are not suitable for gathering information from a large group in a short time frame.
• Review: Reviews involve evaluating existing documentation or work, which is not a direct method for eliciting new requirements from a large number of people.
Thus, a survey provides the fastest way to gather input from many people at once.
Question 19. Eliciting requirements using a brainstorming session enables the participants to exercise ………… thinking.
• A. Creative
• B. Parallel
• C. Focused
• D. Critical
The correct answer is:
A. Creative
Explanation:
In a brainstorming session, the goal is to generate a wide range of ideas without immediate judgment or criticism. This environment encourages participants to think outside the box and come up with innovative or unconventional ideas, which involves creative thinking. Creative thinking is about generating new, original ideas or solutions, and brainstorming is a key technique for fostering this kind of thinking in group settings.
• Creative thinking refers to thinking in a way that allows for new ideas and innovation, which is the focus of brainstorming sessions.
• Parallel thinking (B) refers to considering multiple ideas at once, but it’s not the main purpose of brainstorming.
• Focused thinking (C) involves concentrating on a specific issue, while brainstorming encourages free thinking.
• Critical thinking (D) is about analyzing and evaluating ideas, but that typically happens after the brainstorming phase.
Question 20. Mariah is observing Melissa complete several complex steps as part of her business analysis requirements elicitation process. In this instance Mariah working alongside Melissa is actually helping Melissa complete the work so that Mariah can understand all of the steps that Melissa must complete.
What type of requirements elicitation technique is Mariah using?
A. Shadowing
B. Active observation
C. Progressive elaboration
D. Cross training requirements elicitation
The correct answer is B. Active observation.
Explanation:
• Shadowing (A): In shadowing, an observer follows someone performing a task to understand what they do, but the observer does not typically participate in or assist with the task. Mariah is more involved in the process here, so this isn’t the right answer.
• Active observation (B): In active observation, the observer (Mariah) both watches and helps perform the task to gain a deeper understanding of the steps involved. This fits the scenario where Mariah is assisting Melissa in completing the work, so this is the correct answer.
• Progressive elaboration (C): This is a technique often used in project management to refine and build upon requirements over time, which doesn’t fit the situation described.
• Cross training requirements elicitation (D): Cross-training typically refers to teaching someone to perform a job or task, which isn’t the focus of the requirements elicitation process Mariah is engaged in here.
Thus, Active observation (B) is the best fit for the situation described.